why was france a threat to elizabeth in 1558

Elizabeth was born on 7th September 1533 to Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII. Nevertheless, the answer has sustained conceptual focus and is wide-ranging in its analysis. Elizabeth would receive a share of the privateers profits and as Englands financial situation was poor at the time, this proved to be an incredibly important source of income for the Queen. Copyright The Student Room 2023 all rights reserved. Died: 24 March 1603. Naval support by the English proved to be more effective for the Dutch rebels and a fleet of English ships patrolled the Dutch coastline to prevent the Spanish from landing some of their forces by sea. The defeat of the Northern Earls showed there was little appetite for a Catholic revolution. Freshwater supplies were lost and many tons of food rotted as the fleet eventually sailed to England in 1588. As such, the Catholic community cited both religious and legal reasons why Elizabeth had no right to be Queen, which made her accession extremely problematic. John White led another group to Roanoke, 3 years after the attempt to colonise it. Even though a truce was decided, there was still a constant threat from the Scots and French to the English security . She raised an army following her escape from prison but was defeated at Langside (Glasgow). To her credit, when Elizabeth died in 1603, the nation was only in debt to the tune of 350,000 - 123,000 more than in 1558, but spread over the duration of her reign, this represented just under 3,000 a year. She pledged to finance an army of 7,400 English troops and placed Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, in charge of them. In 1554 Mary had Elizabeth imprisoned in the Tower of London, briefly threatened her with execution, and then placed her under house arrest. - I partly agree with the statement as both France and Spain were powerful Catholic countries, who could unite against Protestant England. This focused on dividing the poor into the able-bodied and the impotent. He saw Drake as a pirate and therefore deemed Elizabeths act as deliberately provocative. There were a number of factors that contributed to the English victory and Spanish defeat which included English strengths, Spanish weaknesses, as well as luck itself. Why was the threat of invasion Elizabeth's biggest problem in 1558? [This last point is important and often students dont embrace the anomalies for fear that it will undermine their argument. The Duke of Norfolk was arrested and executed however Mary was not punished beyond her supervision being made tighter. The plan was that 130 ships (equipped with 2431 guns) would sail along the Channel to the Netherlands, where they would pick up 27,000 troops, led by the Duke of Parma. Suitable for the Edexcel GCSE History (9-1) course. There was also a fear that France and Scotland, alongside Spain, could launch an invasion of England as part of a greater Catholic crusade against the rogue English Protestant nation. At the beginning of her reign, an obvious candidate for Elizabeth to marry was her half sister's widow, Phillip of Spain. The New World, privateering and the significance of the activities of Sir Francis Drake. Pope refused to accept the divorce and marriage and as a result Catholics in England in 1558 did not accept Elizabeth as a legitimate monarch. [Relative comparison made to inform the judgement here shows instantly criteria are being established, helping to signpost the rest of the answer.]. The reasons for, and significance of, the Revolt of the Northern Earls, 156970. [This summary of factors helps re- establish conceptual focus]. Describe two features of Mary Queen of Scots' threat to Elizabeth I. Therefore, I disagree with the statement. During the 1570s, England was starting to have ambitions of establishing an empire of its own and had hoped to become an imperial power that could rival Spain. Native American hostility occurred from the start, however. Mary, Queen of Scots had been linked to Catholic plots before, but Elizabeth had always been reluctant to take any action against her. In all, whilst the Catholic threat was increased through Elizabeths interference with the Dutch revolt, as it incurred the anger of the Spanish, it was Mary Queen of Scots presence that emboldened the Catholic threat. Moreover, a child would create more stability domestically and nullify challenges to the throne (like that from Mary Queen of Scots) as a political vacuum would have been filled. The answer does touch upon the issue of religion but this could be extended further to acknowledge the extensive divisions within society given the preceding tumultuous changes (a brief mention of the role of the puritans for example could help). Moreover, to raise money Elizabeth would have to make the immediately-unpopular decision of raising taxes, the permission for which would need to be granted by parliament (which, in turn, could then make further demands on Elizabeth). LS23 6AD However this union was appalling because he was Catholic was married to the previous queen, and a foreigner. After Anne Boleyn was executed, Henry had the marriage annulled, effectively meaning that it never happened. Elizabeth's legitimacy was one of many problems that Elizabeth faced when she became Queen in 1558. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! English ships were went on many voyages of discovery and established valuable trade routes with India and the far east. This was due to the actions of her father, Henry VIII, in 1533. Anne Boleyn (L), Henry VIII (C) and Elizabeth I (R) Elizabeth was born on 7th September 1533 to Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII. LS23 6AD The Ridolfi plot failed mostly due to Elizabeths allies passing the names of the main conspirators involved to her. England and Spain had tried to remain on good terms but a growing rivalry between them led to increased tensions. This meant two of the most powerful European nations were now united against Protestantism, placing Elizabeth in a precarious position. Another being the English sympathy to the protestant rebels on the Netherlands. -Threats from Catholics in the middle years were significant e.g. Parents: Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. This meant atholics did not think . The answer does touch upon the issue of religion but this could be extended further to acknowledge the extensive divisions within society given the preceding tumultuous changes (a brief mention of the role of the puritans for example could help). Another extremely important problem Elizabeth faced were the threats from the Auld Alliance of France and Scotland, two Catholic countries that England was sandwiched between. Insolvency therefore limited the choices of the new Queen and instantly undermined her power. The accession of Elizabeth Tudor to the throne of England in November 1558 meant that Mary was, by virtue of her Tudor blood, next in line to the English throne. Her forty-five year reign was constantly under threat, which makes the fact that she was able to overcome these for forty-five years even more remarkable. However, the Catholic Church bans divorce which presented a problem for Henry as he could not legally get rid of Catherine. Those who refused this were sent to prison. - Significant political threat as her legitimacy and gender led to people not accepting her as queen. Spymaster and Secretary of State from 1573 Francis Walsingham uncovered the plot. King Phillip tried to send two further Armadas in the 1590s however, both were unsuccessful. - death of henry II. Sir Francis Drake was a leading privateer and responsible for leading several expeditions into the New World in the late 1560s and 1570s. Their union had brought peace between Spain and England, and Elizabeth's Privy Council hoped to maintain this. "The Scarlet Ibis" would be a different story if it were told from Doodle's point of view. Francis Drake is knighted on the Golden Hind. Norfolk was killed in 1572. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. No Payment details required and completelyRisk Free. . Ironically the simple accession of Elizabeth in 1558 made any desire for a settlement so much more difficult. In Europe, the 1570s saw some of the worst atrocities of the protracted fall-out of the Reformation. This interference greatly angered the Spanish and provoked the ire of many Catholics, who now no longer saw Elizabeth as a mediator of the status quo, but as an interfering, troublesome monarch. Pope Pius V excommunicates Elizabeth from the Catholic Church. There were French troops in Scotland, and this posed a problem for Elizabeth and the security of England because England was still technically at war with France. As Catholics do not believe in divorce it means that the marriage between Henry and Catherine was never dissolved, and therefore, the marriage with Anne never happened, and as a result of this Elizabeth was an illegitimate child and had no right to the throne of England. By the end of Elizabeths reign, the navy was also playing an important role in settling up an English colony in North America. Best Answer. The reasons for, and consequences of, the English victory. Can I give a retake in the feb/march if I had given my exams in the may/June series. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 4th point + evidence. He would often return with huge amounts of treasure for Queen Elizabeth. The English were worried about the threat of invasion and they attacked the Spanish ships as they sailed along the Channel, but the Armada was so strong that most of the ships reached Calais safely. Therefore, France controlled the whole of the northern coastline and posed a major threat to England. Elizabeth lived quietly at her . In 1558, England and Spain were still allies against France, but King Philip of Spain (who had been married to Mary) hated Protestantism with a passion. West Yorkshire, They began to revolt against the Spanish. Working for the British, Native American Manteo was placed in charge of the expedition by Sir Walter Raleigh. Another reason Dudley failed was a number of his officers were divided over questions of strategy. Catholic priests were ordered to leave so as not to influence the English Catholics with divided loyalties. A war would have to involve invasion because after 1558 England had no possessions in mainland Europe (Calais had been lost in 1558). The fear of a Catholic uprising and a plot against Elizabeth was a constant threat to her. 1585 Treaty of Nonsuch This significantly committed Elizabeth to support the Dutch rebels directly against the Spanish.

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