why did labour lose the 1951 election

Labour was re-elected in 1950 but lost 80 seats in the process. However by 1945 Labour was a strong, organised and well respected party, whilst the Conservatives were weakened by the war and internal splits. This massive reform of the 1945-1946 period was dealt a blow in February 1947, when the government faced a fuel crisis. Economically the Labour government of 45-51 struggled, with the electorate all too aware of he post-war shortages, the continuing rationing, increased taxes, and the general dislike of austerity the feeling of being under the thumb of the Americans. As a response to the housing problem, Dalton committed to building one million new homes, 80% of which were council houses to be rented cheaply to those who most needed them. The very honesty and simplicity of the campaign helped enormously. This aim was ill-fated and in the eyes of many economists , obviously exceeded the country's economic capacity, . The Labour Party, led by Attlee won a landslide victory and gained a majority of 145 seats. As Charmley so aptly put it, the government was exhausted in mind, body and manifesto commitments. Many of Labours intergral cabinet ministers had been in office since 1940 and now, a decade later, were cumbling under the strain of the the continuous post-war crises that plagued Britain. seats 1950, By changing the timing of the election to be in 1951 rather than In February 1957, Labour won the seat of North Lewisham in what was their first by-election gain from the Tories in almost twenty years. In the 1950 election, the Liberals put up 475 candidates and secured 2.6 million votes (9.1% of the entire vote). While Labour managed to retain much working class support largely because of the role class identification was playing in determining partisan support at this time the middle class had quickly become disaffected. The 1946 National Insurance Act was also a key domestic reform of the Attlee government. George Washington Bridgeopened in 1931.Two lanes were added in 1946, and a lower deck added in 1962. Although interesting they had little to do with shifting the electorate's opinions, indeed in 1945 both parties' campaigns were largely improvised. Having been given such a considerable mandate to rebuild the country in 1945, the Attlee post-war government lost popular support considerably over the next six years. Gaitskell and Morrison (Deputy Prime Minister) both doubted whether Labour would be able to defeat the Conservatives in 1951, owing to their loss of seats in the 1950 election. The 1983 general election marked a low point for the Labour Party. Named Let Us Face the Future, it emphasised that Labour were the only party that could be trusted to deliver a strong Britain and Beveridge's plans. These acts included the reforms set out in the Beveridge plan, various other reforms and nationalisation. Gaitskell 1950, Bevan failed to accept compromised proposed by Named Let Us Face the Future, it emphasised that Labour were the only party that could be trusted to deliver a strong Britain and Beveridge's plans. Their wartime experience in government was critical in catalysing trust and support for the party and its MPs who had proven themselves. Atlee used this as an opportunity to emphasise that although Churchill was a great wartime leader he was not such a good domestic politician. The need for a better post war Britain was felt amongst all classes and Labour's support of the Beveridge Report brought widespread support. how the radical Labour America sought the support of her allies in fighting the North Korean communists, and Britain committed troops to assist her. Both of these policies were unpopular amongst the mass electorate, and rationing caused consternation most notably the middle class, to whom the need for wartime prudence was no longer apparent. 1947), Corelli Barnett's Audit of War criticised how Britain's involvement in the Korean War had not been a popular decision. To the most left-wing Labour MPs and enthusiasts, this was a betrayal of socialist solidarity; on the other hand, to many more involved with the party this represented subservience to US demands. The year 1947 brought an abrupt end to the honeymoon, as the government was forced to shift focus from massive reform to crisis management in response to fuel and trade shortages. Indeed, Robert Pearce claims it seems very unlikely indeed that the campaign was crucial, Paul Addison, however, argues that the campaign was important because . After gaining such a large majority in 1945, most Labour politicians felt relatively assured that they had at least 10 years in office secured. The Blitz also, more obviously, caused a huge rise in support for Labour's housing development plans. administration (up to Hardly surprisingly. the Tories as 'lower than vermin' alienated In this essay, I will look at the factors which led to the Labour . Food subsidies were sustained in order to negate inflation in living costs; levels of progressive taxation were preserved; regional development was the favoured way to control mass unemployment in the areas of urban industrial decline; nationalisation was seen as the solution in reviving core industries such as mining, which had been faltering in private hands. Also the Conservatives were much better funded in 1951, by business men afraid of further nationalisation the only major labour reform that the Conservatives dared to take a firm stance against. Best Answer Copy Labour lost to various reasons, the main ones being: The Winter of Discontent, the miscalculations that James Callaghan made and the appeal of Thatcher to voters. reduces to just 7 Labour's promises of social reforms won them many votes, however it was these promises which led to their failure in 1951, when many people believed that the promises hadn't been delivered. Then, the second ministry saw a fractious Parliamentary party being further divided over the Korean War and the advancement of the National Health Service, leading up to a comfortable Tory win in the October 1951 election. Why did the Conservatives win/ Labour lose the 1951 UK general election? Just by losing a core of middle class voters, Labour lost a great many marginal contests and most particularly in the well-to-do constituencies of southern and south-eastern England. Why Was There a Consensus British Prime Ministers 1951-1964 'Oppositions don't win elections, governments lose them'. social reforms were needed. why did labour lose the 1951 election. The election result was a disaster for Labour. Labour To gain an understanding of the election one must study the context surrounding the election. This time Churchill was victorious. Attlee's downfall: why did Labour lose the 1951 General Election? Labour had 13, 948, 605 votes Conservatives had 13, 717, 538 votes Liberals had 730, 556 votes Why did the Conservatives win if Labour had more votes? We have detected that Javascript is not enabled in your browser. While Labour managed to retain much working class support largely because of the role class identification was playing in determining partisan support at this time the middle class had quickly become disaffected. As he struggled to justify his November emergency budget tightening spending and committing to an exchange rate policy subservient to US demands, Dalton resigned as Chancellor. The poor timing of the 1951 election can also be claimed to have weakened Labour's position. should remain, Bevan an Labour In the 1992 election 11.5 million people voted Labour. Concerns about the permissive society e.g. People had lost trust in the conservatives and blamed them for Britains military short-comings, and this was important for Labours rise in support. Iron and steel nationalisation This is especially so when one considers the crises they faced in that year, making the 1945 blue-skies, New Jerusalem thinking incredibly difficult to sustain. 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The pre-war period was significant because, during the war, it was reinterpreted. So, at the 1950 election there was a 2. The Bevanites, being more left-wing, wanted to focus Britains resources on further nationalisation of industry. The outcome was widely credited to the deft materialism of Harold Macmillan, and the slogan `You've never had it so good', which the Conservatives, in fact, did not use. Public transport -1948 Gaitskell and Morrison (Deputy Prime Minister) both doubted whether Labour would be able to defeat the Conservatives in 1951, owing to their loss of seats in the 1950 election. The results of the 1945 general election exceeded the hopes of the most fervent Labour supporter. Gaitskell, would gut defence expenditure by 400 Churchill narrowly lost the 1950 contest (Labour's majority was reduced to six), but again he managed to sidestep retirement. shortages, Korean War World economic The 1946 National Health Service Act provided free access to a range of hospital and general practitioner services across the country. Under the first past the post electoral system, many Labour votes were "wasted" as part of large majorities for MPs in safe seats. In 1945 Labour had won 11.99m (47.8%) of the vote, and went on to attain 13.95m (48.8%) of the vote in 51. Instead, this 1947 balance of payments crisis compounded by the fuel shortage and the convertibility clause forced Labour to rein in spending. Why did Labour lose the 1951 General Election? This committed the UK government to keeping the value of sterling at a stable rate against the US dollar, and this meant that the governments hands were tied as they sought to address Britains balance of payments deficit by means of international trade. Senior Labour MP Margaret Hodge described Baroness Boothroyd as "inspirational" and "a trailblazer for women". Manne identifies that the use of the word 'Affair' is a clear indication of how . Wiki User 2009-09-25 15:23:48 Study now See answer (1) Copy the main points are: -record on nationalisation and welfare -economic problems which. Labour's promises of social reforms won them many votes, however it was these promises which led to their failure in 1951, when many people believed that the promises hadn't been delivered. Conservative In the 1951 election, which party focused mainly on past successes? A TSR George 17 I got all the reasons.but looking at the figures conservative had 13.7mil votes and labour got 13.9mil. While this didn't net the Brexit Party any seats, it was enough for the Tories to overtake in many of them. However Pearce concludes that The pre-war period was significant because, during the war, it was reinterpreted. Pearce's reinterpretation argument makes the most sense because policies like appeasement were relatively popular at the time. however without power or hoped for, Marshall Aid 1948 Gaitskell had imposed upon the health service prescription charges for glasses and false teeth, which to Bevan and other NHS idealists represented the betrayal of NHS founding principals. years, Once lend lease had ended in 1945 (end of Majority of party How valid is this view in relation to the 1951 general election? In opposition to the Conservative Party, it has been the major democratic socialist party in Britain since the early 20th century. excessive class orientated In realising that the quality of life was far more important to the public than any other factor, the Conservatives promised to build 300,000 houses a year, although they did admit in their manifesto that not much could be done to lessen the strain of rationing in 1951. This showed they were flexible and committed to improvement; they were a party of continuity and efficiency. Thirdly, it brought about a further drop in voter confidence as external signs of infighting brought into question the competence and clarity of direction Labour could offer. National income had fallen by a quarter during the War, meaning that many export markets needed to be recovered lest Britain face financial ruin. The 1964 election was not a landslide victory like that of 1945. Within the Cabinet, Gaitskells decision to expand the defence budget at the expense of domestic spending enraged health minister Nye Bevan in particular, who resigned as a response to the Korean deployment. The Conservatives, on the other hand, met the report with lukewarm support, disliking Nationalisation and the Welfare State. there had been limited industrial reform and disadvantage the Labour party however he did not postposne them Ultimately, the Conservatives profited from the decreased presence of Liberal candidates as they were able to win their votes through appealing to middle class needs, more so than Labour, who was affliated with the continuation of rationing, high taxes, wage freezes and unfulfilled promises for housing. Their time in opposition led to the rebuilding and remodelling their policies to allign with post-war consensus (mixed economy, welfare state etc). While this gave them a temporary boost in the polls, it did nothing but hinder them in the long term. highly controversial and cost Bevin's speech 1948 where he referred to Please wait while we set up your subscription TurnItIn the anti-plagiarism experts are also used by: King's College London, Newcastle University, University of Bristol, University of Cambridge, WJEC, AQA, OCR and Edexcel, Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity, Height and Weight of Pupils and other Mayfield High School investigations, Lawrence Ferlinghetti: Two Scavengers in a Truck, Two Beautiful People in a Mercedes, Moniza Alvi: Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan, Changing Materials - The Earth and its Atmosphere, Fine Art, Design Studies, Art History, Crafts, European Languages, Literature and related subjects, Linguistics, Classics and related subjects, Structures, Objectives & External Influences, Global Interdependence & Economic Transition, Acquiring, Developing & Performance Skill, Sociological Differentiation & Stratification, The question as to why Labour won the 1945 election has been the source of much in depth study since the period. He beat the Zeitgeist, the vibe and the emotional appeals while leaving Clive Palmer and the Greens failing to live up to expectations. This was an admittedly small majority, but reflected a changing public mood. 1951. year ect. CONSERVATISM, The industrial charter of 1947 & This Is Furthermore, an apparently humiliating trade policy including subservience to US demands was particularly discrediting in the eyes of post-colonialists who identified this as betrayal rather than pragmatism. In 2011, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey began a billion-dollar project to replace the vertical ropes connecting the cables to the deck, but the deck itself remained in place.. St. John's Bridge (Oregon)opened in 1931.A redecking project was completed in 2005. Labour had made so many promises before the 1945 election that peoples hopes were set too high, many felt that Labour failed to deliver. <p>The NHS had been established by the post-war Labour government in 1948. The Labour Party was created in 1900: a new party for a new century. um is there something wrong in these notes? This rule was ended in 1964 by Harold Wilson's reunited Labour party. why did Labour lose the 1951 election? a8a56820-44a0-4a9a-8187-fafb017abb00 (image/jpg), 8f36ad5d-3853-456a-9ff6-bdaabf691996 (image/jpg), c55c2574-fee6-48c9-ba8e-44fc34928bdf (image/jpg), e49a14d7-993b-49bd-9e9f-d594e2a70129 (image/jpg), 513b94d5-0e2d-4180-b58e-d389eb13cc5f (image/jpg), dd237af4-9d8e-494a-8b1e-c60544884a89.gif (image/gif), 40b0897e-0340-4b7e-af81-65768eaa4fb8 (image/jpg), 0ae72221-e96f-4b35-ad23-e78e4f949912 (image/png), Daily Express: "while he knew Why did labor lose the 1951 election? social reform and nationalisation. spectacles and dentures. Whilst in 1951 the Labour government was punished for its unrealistic promises made in 1945. The war had undoubtedly played a major role in the elections, being seen as a people's war it broke down social boundaries and caused a shift to the left. Rather, the balance of payments problem forced the non-idealists within the leadership to face the necessary curtailing of public spending. This brought about a little unrest within working class support but it was the effect on middle class attitudes and the cracks opening among the Parliamentary partys support which began to harm electoral credibility. Following the 1966 General Election, the Labour Party's Home Policy Committee observed that the party had, "for the first time, obtained a majority of the female vote" and remarked, "it would be very satisfactory if we could retain it." Finally, splits over the Korean War both over the political justifications for British deployment, and over the cuts in public spending domestically brought about splits in the party which made it poorly placed to fight the 1951 election. administration would lead to Clement Attlee was leader of the Labour Party from 1935 to 1955, and served as Britain's Prime Minister from 1945 to 1951. however we spent the time on social reform.

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